ZF has equipped NIO’s electric ET9 with its latest steer-by-wire technology, eliminating the mechanical link between the steering wheel and the front wheels. This system forms part of ZF’s broader portfolio of electronic steering, braking, and damping technologies, which, combined with ZF’s cubiX software, support the development of software-defined vehicles.
Dr. Peter Holdmann, Member of the Board of Management at ZF, noted, “With our production-ready steer-by-wire system, we are introducing the next step in the software-defined vehicle era, providing manufacturers like NIO with greater design flexibility and safety.” This new technology allows for improved comfort and driving performance through precise steering adjustments.
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Danilo Teobaldi, Principal Chief Engineer at NIO, emphasized the role of steer-by-wire in the company’s commitment to innovative, future-ready vehicles. “Steer-by-wire technology is integral to software-defined vehicles, enhancing comfort and dynamics while offering long-term potential for evolving vehicle designs.”
The steer-by-wire system uses a mechatronic actuator to control steering, without a mechanical connection to the wheels. The system includes a torque feedback unit that reproduces natural road feedback, and the steering ratio adjusts based on driving conditions for better maneuverability.
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This technology also enables the development of more compact steering wheels and improves parking and low-speed handling. Combined with ZF’s AKC mechatronic rear-wheel steering, the system enhances driving comfort. The absence of a steering column also contributes to improved safety in the event of a collision.