According to the latest estimates from the World Health Organization (WHO), nearly 300,000 people die each year from respiratory illnesses caused by poor air quality, with millions more suffering from related health issues. In response to this alarming trend, European citizens may soon have the opportunity to seek compensation for health problems arising from violations of pollution limits.
In Spain alone, more than 21,000 fatalities were attributed to air pollution last year, particularly due to suspended particulate matter. To address these serious health risks, new legislation has been implemented across the European Union (EU) that establishes stricter emission limits for harmful pollutants. Specifically, the new standards reduce the permissible levels of PM 2.5 particulate matter from 25 micrograms per cubic meter (µg/m³) to 10 µg/m³, and nitrogen dioxide (NO₂) limits from 40 µg/m³ to 20 µg/m³. Additionally, a new cap for sulfur dioxide (SO₂) has been set at 20 µg/m³. PM 2.5 and NO₂ are among the most detrimental pollutants to urban air quality and public health.
While these annual limits must be met by 2030, the most groundbreaking aspect of this new legislation is the provision allowing citizens to claim damages if their health is adversely affected due to a member state’s failure to adhere to these emission goals. This shift empowers residents to hold their governments accountable for air quality and its impact on public health.
Moreover, the EU has gained the authority to impose multi-million euro fines on countries that do not comply with these stringent regulations. This dual approach of compensation and penalties underscores the EU’s commitment to tackling air pollution and improving the quality of life for its citizens.
The latest round of emissions regulations is part of a broader initiative aiming for zero emissions by 2050. By meeting these ambitious targets, the European Union believes it can significantly reduce the hundreds of thousands of deaths linked to pollution each year. With these measures, the EU hopes to foster a healthier environment and ensure accountability for public health, making air quality a priority for member states.
