A comprehensive study conducted by Seattle-based Recurrent has revealed that electric vehicle (EV) range can be significantly impacted by excessive heat, similar to the effects of extreme cold. The study indicates that temperatures in the triple digits can cause EVs to lose nearly a third of their stated range.
Recurrent, known for its extensive vehicle testing and battery range analysis, disclosed that certain EVs experienced a 31 percent drop in range when temperatures surpassed 100 degrees Fahrenheit (38 degrees Celsius). However, the study emphasized that range reductions due to extreme heat were limited in scope, and further research is required to establish more precise figures.
Last year, Recurrent also highlighted the adverse impact of freezing temperatures on EV range, with the Ford Mustang Mach-E and the Volkswagen ID.4 both experiencing a 30 percent decline in range when exposed to temperatures below 30 degrees Fahrenheit (-1 degrees Celsius). In contrast, less extreme temperatures appeared to have minimal influence on battery range.
Explaining the scientific basis behind the decrease in range at high temperatures, Greg Less from the University of Michigan Battery Lab pointed to the chemistry of the batteries. He noted that temperatures above 104 degrees Fahrenheit could lead to the breakdown of the passive emission layer on the anode, resulting in the consumption of the liquid electrolyte and consequently shortening the battery’s lifetime.
Despite the valuable insights provided by Recurrent’s study, CEO Scott Case acknowledged the challenges in obtaining sufficient data on triple-digit range depletion due to the limited driving conducted in such extreme conditions. As a result, the company plans to update its findings when more data becomes available.
Until further research sheds light on specific EV models that may be more vulnerable to high temperatures, the study’s key takeaway is clear: EV owners should exercise caution and avoid driving their vehicles in extreme weather conditions whenever possible.
